Inteligencia artificial en la administración de medicamentos y tratamientos: una revisión paraguas
Artificial intelligence in the administration of medicines and treatments: an umbrella reviewContenido principal del artículo
La inteligencia artificial (IA) se ha consolidado como una tecnología transformadora en la administración de medicamentos y tratamientos, con el potencial de mejorar la seguridad y eficiencia del paciente, aunque su implementación enfrenta desafíos técnicos y éticos. El objetivo de esta revisión paraguas fue sintetizar la evidencia de revisiones sistemáticas y metaanálisis sobre este uso. La metodología, guiada por PRISMA, incluyó una búsqueda en Scopus, SpringerLink y PubMed hasta septiembre de 2025, después de la cual se seleccionaron 22 revisiones sistemáticas para un análisis narrativo. Los resultados demuestran que la IA mejora la precisión diagnóstica, personaliza tratamientos en áreas como oncología y cirugía, y aumenta la eficiencia operativa. En la administración de medicamentos, herramientas como los sistemas de prescripción asistida y de apoyo a la decisión clínica reducen errores y mejoran la adherencia. La discusión reconoce este potencial, pero destaca obstáculos críticos como la falta de integración, el problema de la caja negra, las preocupaciones sobre privacidad y la resistencia del personal. Se concluye que el impacto de la IA es positivo y transformador, pero su futuro depende de priorizar la transparencia y la educación, así como contar con marcos regulatorios robustos para garantizar una implementación segura, ética y efectiva.
Artificial intelligence (AI) is establishing itself as a transformative technology in the administration of medicines and treatments, with the potential to improve patient safety and efficiency, although its implementation faces technical and ethical challenges. The objective of this umbrella review was to synthesise the evidence from systematic reviews and meta-analyses on this use. The methodology, guided by PRISMA, included a search of Scopus, SpringerLink, and PubMed up to September 2025, selecting 22 systematic reviews for narrative analysis. The results demonstrate that AI improves diagnostic accuracy, personalises treatments in areas such as oncology and surgery, and increases operational efficiency. In drug administration, tools such as assisted prescribing and clinical decision support systems reduce errors and improve adherence. The discussion acknowledges this potential but highlights critical obstacles such as lack of integration, the black box problem, privacy concerns, and staff resistance. It concludes that the impact of AI is positive and transformative, but its future depends on prioritising transparency, education, and robust regulatory frameworks to ensure safe, ethical, and effective implementation.
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