Hospital Management and Psychosocial Risk Reduction Among Physicians in Public Hospitals
Gestión hospitalaria y reducción del riesgo psicosocial del personal médico en hospitales públicosArticle Sidebar
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Introduction: Psychosocial risks among physicians are associated with organizational conditions that may compromise professional well-being and patient safety. Objective: To develop a conceptual and operational definition of hospital management aimed at reducing psychosocial risks among physicians in public hospitals. Materials and methods: An integrative literature review was conducted for conceptual and operational development. Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, PubMed, SciELO, and ProQuest were searched, prioritizing publications from 2020 to 2025. Thematic content analysis was used to organize findings into dimensions, components, and indicators. Results: A framework comprising six dimensions, eighteen components, and thirty-five conceptual indicators was proposed. The dimensions encompassed organization of physicians' work, institutional support and preventive leadership, psychosocial climate and relational safety, cognitive load management and digital transformation, well-being and occupational health, and sustainability of physician performance and patient safety. Conclusions: The proposed framework can guide the assessment of hospital management's preventive capacity from physicians' perspectives. Its application as a measurement instrument requires content validation and psychometric evaluation.
Introducción: Los riesgos psicosociales del personal médico se relacionan con condiciones organizacionales que pueden comprometer el bienestar profesional y la seguridad del paciente. Objetivo: Construir una definición conceptual y operacional de la gestión hospitalaria orientada a reducir el riesgo psicosocial del personal médico en hospitales públicos. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó una revisión integradora de literatura con propósito conceptual y operacional. Se consultaron Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, PubMed, SciELO y ProQuest, priorizando publicaciones de 2020 a 2025. Mediante análisis de contenido temático se organizaron los hallazgos en dimensiones, componentes e indicadores. Resultados: Se propuso una estructura de seis dimensiones, dieciocho componentes y treinta y cinco indicadores conceptuales. Las dimensiones comprendieron organización del trabajo médico, soporte institucional y liderazgo preventivo, clima psicosocial y seguridad relacional, gestión de carga cognitiva y transformación digital, bienestar y salud ocupacional, y sostenibilidad del desempeño médico y seguridad del paciente. Conclusiones: La propuesta permite orientar la evaluación de la capacidad preventiva de la gestión hospitalaria desde la percepción del personal médico. Su aplicación como instrumento de medición requiere validación de contenido y evaluación psicométrica.
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